As part of our ongoing series spotlighting STIs, this month we’re focusing on gonorrhoea.

What are STIs?

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are infections that can be transmitted between partners during unprotected sexual contact. With more than 25 STIs that can spread through vaginal, anal, or oral sex, it’s important to be informed about them, their symptoms, and available treatments.

STIs are unfortunately common across all age groups, making it crucial to understand them and to seek treatment if necessary. It’s time to break the stigma surrounding STIs—these infections are nothing to be embarrassed about, and most can be treated quickly and effectively.

So, let’s dive into what gonorrhoea is and what you need to know about it.

What is Gonorrhoea?

Gonorrhoea is caused by a bacteria called Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which can infect the genitals, throat, or rectum. It’s typically transmitted through unprotected sexual contact—meaning without the use of a condom or dental dam.

Gonorrhoea can be passed through:

• Unprotected vaginal, oral, or anal sex.
• Sharing vibrators or other sex toys that haven’t been properly cleaned or covered with a new condom each time.

What Are the Symptoms?

Gonorrhoea, like chlamydia, is often a “silent” STI. About 1 in 10 infected men and nearly half of infected women may not show any symptoms. However, here are some signs to be aware of:

• Unusual Discharge: Green or yellow discharge from the genitals is a common symptom.
• Painful Urination: A burning sensation while urinating could indicate an infection.
• Pelvic Pain: Discomfort or pain in the lower abdomen may occur.
• Sore Throat: For those engaging in oral sex, a sore throat might be a symptom.
• Rectal Discomfort: Experiencing discomfort or pain in the rectum could be a sign of gonorrhoea following anal sex.

Not everyone will experience these symptoms, which is why regular STI check-ups are essential.

How Can You Test for Gonorrhoea?

If you’ve had unprotected sex with a new partner, it’s recommended to take an STI test. Although gonorrhoea is becoming increasingly resistant to antibiotics, testing remains quick and easy. Our self-testing kits allow you to check from the comfort of your home. If you prefer, you can visit one of our clinics, where a healthcare professional can take a swab sample. Men can also provide a urine sample for diagnosis.

Testing is confidential, and your privacy is our priority. Even if you’re not showing symptoms, it’s best to get tested about two weeks after the unprotected encounter for reliable results.

Treatment for Gonorrhoea

If your test comes back positive, don’t worry—gonorrhoea is treatable with antibiotics. Healthcare professionals will prescribe the right medication, and most people feel better within a few days. Remember to complete the entire course of antibiotics, even if symptoms improve, to ensure the infection is fully cleared.

Preventing Gonorrhoea

The best way to reduce the risk of contracting or spreading gonorrhoea is to use condoms during sexual activities. Condoms are currently the only contraceptive method that effectively prevents both STIs and pregnancy by preventing direct genital contact. External condoms are 98% effective, while internal condoms (femidoms) are 95% effective.

For free condoms, check out our eC-Card scheme to find out how you can access them.

Here are key prevention tips:

• Use condoms and dental dams.
• Get tested regularly.
• Avoid sharing sex toys unless they’re thoroughly cleaned or covered between uses.

Support and Resources

We understand that dealing with STIs can be stressful but remember—you’re not alone. The Essex Sexual Health Service is here to offer support, advice, and treatment, all in a judgment-free environment.

Visit our Online Portal or call us on 0300 003 1212 to arrange tests and treatments. For more information on clinics and how to get in touch, visit our website.